Advantages
- Hydraulically retrievable
- Deep wells
- Deviated wells
- Remote & urban locations
- Economical
- High efficiency (95%)
- Multiple zones
- Flexible production capacity
- Unitized & portable
- Low profile
- Environmentally friendly
OHI HYDRAULIC PUMPING APPLICATIONS FOR THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
Hydraulic pumping produces oil wells by the transfer of energy through fluid to power the subsurface pump. The subsurface pump uses the power fluid pressure and volume to lift well fluids to the surface. Power fluid can be well fluids, oil or water. In most cases, well fluids are cleaned by a power fluid conditioning system and stored for injection back in the well by a surface multiplex pump. Jet and piston subsurface pump designs provide a wide range of application.
The jet pump provides high volume production rate capacity with no moving parts, but requires higher reservoir energy while the piston pump will produce the well to very low reservoir pressure.
Together, OHI jet and piston pumps offer a wide range of applications. However, hydraulic pumping is generally considered when the toughest problems develop. OHI hydraulic pumping systems produce economically and reliably from deep wells with solids, sand, paraffin, heavy oil, water, gas or corrosive fluids. OHI pumps are also easily installed in deviated wells, offshore platforms, remote jungle areas, urban areas, and environmentally conscious areas. Special pump designs are available for such completions as sliding sleeves, gas lift mandrels, coil tubing, DST, well cleaning and testing.
OHI pumps are economical, rugged, and most models are field repairable. However, the greatest advantage of hydraulic pumping is that the subsurface pump can be retrieved by reversing fluid flow, eliminating the time and cost for wireline or workover rigs.
Dual Vessel Hydraulic Pumping System
The dual vessel power fluid conditioning system with cyclone solids separators provides efficient economical wellsite fluid treatment for remote operation. The system includes pressure control valves to maintain set differential pressures directing fluid through the cyclone solids separators. Clean power fluid is stored in the horizontal vessel to feed the surface power pump. Vessel piping allows discharge of produced fluids and gas to the wellsite flowline through a gravity dump system.
Oilwell Hydraulics, Inc. offers a complete line of surface power and fluid conditioning systems, from the centralized multiple well automated pumping station to the unitized transportable test package. Systems are engineered to efficiently separate well fluids and remove sand, solids, and gas for use as power fluid. Clean power fluid reduces wear, repair frequency, and operating cost.
OHI systems provide reliable, rugged and economical solutions to oil well production, competitive with all other lift methods.
Surface Pump: Proven high pressure positive displacement plunger pumps available in many horsepower ranges that meet your needs. Components and accessories are selected for reliable operation in high pressure continuous hydraulic pumping. Installation must consider pump NPSH requirements. See pump specifications section for details.
Central Power Fluid Treatment: Central systems provide power fluid tank designs considering retention time and features to maximize separation of gas and minimize turbulence to remove solids and sand. Existing process equipment provides added treatment. Cyclone solids separators add power fluid conditioning efficiency.
Valves, Controls, & Piping: Accessories are supplied to insure 5000-psi pressure rating, full bore and corrosion resistant materials. Discharge piping will include long radius bends to avoid excessive vibration. Relief valve and drain outlets are piped to environmentally secured areas.
Central Battery Hydraulic Pumping System
Flow Controller:
Provides adjustment and constant control of injection flow rate. Rated for 5000-psi. Installed downstream of pressure controller. Manifolding allows multiple well operation.
Four Way Wellhead Valve:
Three-position lever control to provide:
1.
Pump operation
2. Pump retrieval
3. Pump installation with by-pass feature for pump removal. Rated for 5000-psi. Mounts on existing wellhead equipment.
Hydraulic
Wellhead
System
Standard Wellhead
Equipment System
Other Accessories:
Pressure Controller: Provides adjustment and control of injection pressure with by-pass feature. Rated for 5000-psi. Mounted downstream of surface pump.
Power Fluid Manifold: Allows individual control of multiple well installations.
Turbine Flow Meter: Provides continuous local or remote power fluid injection rate information.
Oilwell Hydraulics, Inc. jet pumps offer the most reliable, economical and well-designed equipment to pump a well. OHI offers a wide selection of sizes and advanced materials for the petroleum and mining industries.
Jet Pump Operation:
High-pressure power fluid provides a high velocity jet stream at the nozzle that intermixes with well fluids through a mixing tube called “throat.” The mixture passes through a diffuser where increasing flow area reduces flow velocity and increases pressure sufficient to lift the combined fluids to surface.
Production rate is determined by the energy provided by the nozzle pressure through the area ratio between the throat and nozzle combination, along with reservoir energy at the pump. A wide range of production rate and lift capacity is available through the combination of different throats and nozzles. Performance curves assist in optimization.
| High Volume Jet Pumps provide maximum production and lift capacity with extra large fluid flow passages for more power. Adaptable to standard or reverse flow applications. | Sliding Sleeve Jet Pumps provide installation in existing sliding sleeves without pulling tubing. Adaptable to standard or reverse flow as well as DST and ESP installations. | Tubing Pack-Off Jet Pumps provide installation in wells completed with gas lift mandrels or with tubing communication without pulling tubing. A wireline set pack-off on top and bottom of the pump provides setting and sealing. | Fixed Insert Jet Pumps provide installation by running pump attached to small diameter tubing or coil tubing to anchor on existing seating nipple without pulling tubing. Adaptable to many installations. |
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Type AM Pump
Rugged and very flexible single seal double acting pump. Internal passages simplify operation and provide a wide production range. Adaptable to most applications including free pump or fixed pump installations. Increased production ranges available with double pump end models.
Type BM Pump
Maximum production range for a tubing size is provided through increased plunger and piston diameters made possible by flowing fluids outside the pump through ports in the bottom hole assembly. Double acting free pump design with multiple external seals to maximize flow, and power to lift from greater depths. Available in double pump ends to further increase production range.
Type DM Pump
Maximum lift capacity with maximum production range is provided with the same double acting large plunger and piston design provided by the BM pump, but with the added power of a second engine piston to increase horsepower capacity. The double engine feature reduces injection pressures. Designed as a free pump with multiple external seals to maximize fluid flow through bottom hole assembly porting.
Type EM Pump
Optimum high volume pumping capacity is provided by a long slow stroke pump design that minimizes wear, and operating cost. The double acting high compression ratio, multiple seal, free pump design also reduces chances of gas locking. The special design uses only two pistons that exchange roles from pump plunger to engine piston in the upstroke and downstroke.
Type ALP Pump
A single seal double acting internally ported design with two engine pistons to increase horsepower capacity. Available with double pump end.
OHI introduces new technology
Patent No. US 6364,633 B1
Type M Pump
High volume deep well production capacity in a double acting single seal pump to provide the greatest level of versatility. The internally ported pump was recently developed by OHI (patent pending), to provide the highest possible capacity with the simplicity and adaptability of a single seal pump. The double engine design increases horsepower capacity to permit production from deeper wells. Also available in double pump end to provide higher volume production. Adaptable to most bottomhole assemblies.
Note: Last two digits of part numbers are - 21 for OPF (Open Power Fluid); 22 for CPF (Closed Power Fluid) PU (Production Unseat), and 23 for CPU PRU (Power Return Unseat).
Pump Stroke Length for Type AM, ALP, BM, DM, and M: For 2" pump, 12"; For 2 1/2" pump, 18"; For 3" pump, 24"; For 4" pump, 30".
Pump Stroke Length for Type EM: For 2 1/2" pump, 57"; For 3" pump, 68".
Maximum Pump O.D. for Type AM, ALP, BM, DM, EM, and M: For 2" pump, 1.889"; For 2 1/2" pump, 2.326"; For 3" pump, 2.826"; For 4" pump, 3.826".
Maximum Rated Speed for Type AM, ALP, BM, DM, and M: For 2" pump, 121 SPM; For 2 1/2" pump, 100 SPM"; For 3" pump, 87 SPM"; For 4" pump, 77 SPM".
Maximum Rated Speed for Type EM: For 2 1/2" pump, 59 SPM"; For 3" pump, 56 SPM".
PL I Single acting single seal, internally ported pump.
PL II Double acting high volume capacity through multiple seal design. Allows conversion single acting ratio design to adapt to changing well conditions.
| Bottomhole Assembly - BHA Free pump installations permit circulation of the pump to surface, which require a bottomhole assembly attached to the tubing at the desired pump setting depth. The main function of the BHA is to receive the pump, provide sealing bores, and landing nipple (no-go) for the standing valve. Standard BHA connections are: box up/pindown 8 RD, EUE thread. The design of the BHA can accommodate OPF, CPF and/or gas vented completions. In standard multiple tubing completions the BHA and pump are threaded to the power fluid injection tubing and other tubing strings are stabbed into a tapered landing bowl. The casing free model shown permits communication with casing annulus to return fluids to surface. BHA no-go Minimum I.D.: 2-3/8”= 1.625” 2-7/8”= 2.25” 3-1/2”= 2.685” |
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Standing Valve Wireline retrievable standing valves serve as check valves below the pump and sit on the bottomhole assembly-seating shoe. Standard units include a knock out plug to equalize pressure during retrieval and bottom-threaded connection for adaptation to bottomhole pressure recorders. Available in standard flow and high volume models as well as ball and seat or poppet and seat design. |
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Dummy Pump The dummy free pump is a bottomhole assembly plug to permit tubing hydrostatic pressure testing. The dummy pump sits on the standing valve and has pump seals to isolate tubing. The dummy pump can also serve as a tubing drift and can be circulated in and out of the well. |
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| Packer Nose A free pump requires a packer nose attached to the top of the pump to provide a seal against the tubing during pump installation and retrieval. The standard packer nose consists of two elastomer packer cups and check valve to control fluid flow as well as a standard wireline fishing neck. |
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Blanking Tool Wireline retrievable blanking tool sits directly on the BHA and permits access to wellbore by sealing communication ports. Normally required for setting hydraulic typepackers or reservoir enhancement. Available in standard wireline external and internal fishing necks. |
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| Fishing Tools Available wireline tools for pump and standing valve retrieval and installation where required. |
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OHI pumping systems include positive displacement reciprocating plunger pumps (multiplex pumps), to provide reliable continuous high-pressure service. Standard pumps are equipped with stainless steel stuffing boxes, tungsten carbide coated plungers, kevlar spring-loaded packing systems and stainless steel valves. Valve designs and alternate materials are available for a wide range of applications.
Packages include electric, gas or diesel prime movers to drive the pump through gear reduction or belt drives. Variable speed transmissions increase flexibility. Control panels and driver accessories for start up and operation are available.
Pump application considerations include: NPSH requirements, pulsation dampeners, relief valve, high/low suction and discharge pressure shut down, start up by-pass valve, oil level shut down, discharge long radius bends, piping, valves and controls.
Multiplex Pumps
OHI Triplex Pumps
| Where: | Ps=Pump Intake Pressure (PSI) Pn=Nozzle Pressure (PSI) An=Nozzle Area (sq. in.) |
Qs=Produced Fluid Volume (B/D) Qn=Power Fluid Volume (B/D) At=Throat Area (sq. in.) |
Gs=Produced Fluid Gradient Gn=Power Fluid Gradient |
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